Does genetics influence follicular lymphoma?
Follicular lymphoma: main causes and role of genetics
Follicular lymphomas are cancerous diseases with a low incidence, 5 to 7 people per 100,000 people . However, although it has a very high survival rate, it is incurable. That's why understanding its causes is so important.
The first thing we can say is that, In the vast majority of cases , follicular lymphoma It's not hereditary . This is because this disease is multifactorial, and often environmental factors are more important than genetics.
Cases of follicular lymphoma (also called non-Hodgkin lymphoma), as a cancer centered in the immune system , can be caused by several reasons. However, it is essential to note that a most cases remain of unknown origin Because there remains a large area of research to be done. That said, it's true that there are groups with a greater predisposition that should be analyzed, including genetics.
For this reason, it is extremely important to understand why this disease can develop. These are the main causes currently identified that cause follicular lymphoma:
1. Weak immune system
He weak immune system It is one of the main causes of the disease developing over time. That is, if there is already a If you have prior immunosuppression , your chances of developing this disease will increase. This can occur due to other illnesses (HIV or Epstein-Barr are common), taking certain medications, autoimmune diseases (lupus, celiac disease, or Sjögren's), infections, or as a result of transplants.
Generally, in some of these cases, it becomes more important to take precautions. Not surprisingly, we must point out that frequent blood tests are advisable in this case to promote early diagnosis.
2. Genetic causes
The There are several genetic causes , but one thing is certain: there is higher incidence in people who have cases of this lymphoma in the family . Now, what are the cases that arise here? The main mutation is a translocation of genetic material among the chromosomes 14 and 18 , which cause the problem. Ultimately, this translocation causes the gene for BCL2 protein overexposes itself and generates more lymphatic cells than necessary.
This predisposition can be analyzed in ascendants and descendants, although we must say that the prevalence, even if greater, is not decisive. complete genetic test It would allow you to check whether you have this circumstance. And, above all, it would promote early diagnosis and healthy lifestyle habits.
3. Age
As with other types of cancer disorders, age is also a determining factor. As a general rule, from the age of 60 Cases of this lymphoma are increasing substantially, with a substantial difference compared to other age groups. This does not exclude the possibility of young people suffering from it, but this bias must also be taken into account.
4. Socioeconomic development
He level of socioeconomic development may tangentially influence the incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. In general, The wealthier population tends to suffer from it more , due to their longer life expectancy; this is the case, for example, with the white population in the United States. It's worth reviewing this point, which is statistical so far, but no less important.
5. Gender
Although women and men can suffer from this lymphoma, it is slightly higher in men . However, factors such as age, predisposition, and the illnesses themselves must also be considered. In any case, it is true that this phenomenon is more common in men.
6. Exposure to external agents
The exposure to external agents is another element that can influence the higher incidence of this disease. On the one hand, exposure to toxic chemical agents, common in certain agricultural and industrial jobs; special attention must be paid to herbicides and insecticides . Another possibility is exposure to air pollution which, in high quantities, would also influence the development of the disease.
How to minimize your chances of developing follicular lymphoma
As we said at the beginning, this disease has two problems: firstly, that Many cases are still of unknown cause and the second, which is a a disease that has no cure . While it can be managed as a chronic illness with a long life expectancy, it is important to be clear about both aspects.
However, there are some actions that contribute to early detection, which is essential for a better quality of life and to reducing the likelihood of developing the condition. We highlight these:
- Genetic testing : A genetic test, especially if you have a family history, can detect whether you have the translocation phenomenon that occurs in these cases. Testing for this helps rule out this pathway or helps identify the possibility of it occurring, allowing you to take action sooner. In any case, it can help improve your quality of life.
- Reducing exposure to toxic agents : Environmental pollution, and more specifically, exposure to toxic agents such as herbicides and insecticides, increases your chances of developing this problem. Obviously, living in the countryside and free from pollution will help, although it's not always possible.
- Healthy lifestyle habits: Sometimes, this disease can be a result of other diseases and increase its likelihood. For this reason, anything that involves exercising frequently enough, maintaining a balanced diet, and taking care of your sleep habits will reduce the chances of developing the disease. Studies are advancing in this area, providing more information.
Therefore, if you take all these aspects into account, it will be more difficult to either suffer from the disease or suffer the worst consequences.
In summary…
Follicular lymphoma is a disease that rarely has a genetic origin, but it is possible. If you want to clear up any doubts, it's best to take a genetic test. Genotics You'll find all the available tests, as well as prices, extraction methods, and delivery times, so you can compare with confidence. Consult and choose the one you need!