Reproductive immunology

Study of the immune status of the endometrium that allows detecting the presence of immune alterations that may interfere with pregnancy. The endometrium is the only human tissue with the ability to regenerate and revascularize on a monthly basis during a woman's fertile life. This plasticity gives it the ability to select the optimal moment to allow the onset of pregnancy, regulating the expression, among other factors, of cells of the immune system such as NKs and macrophages. Pregnancy is an extraordinary process in which the correct dialogue between the maternal immune system and the embryo allows the correct development of the fetus to be tolerated. In this molecular dialogue, the endometrial immune system actively acts in the implantation and adhesion of the embryo for the progress of the pregnancy. The local immune system will respond to both physiological and hormonal changes, for which there are patients who may present endometrium with functional alterations that cause fertility problems. These immune system alterations, which can have various triggers, such as hereditary thrombophilias or microbial dysbiosis, can influence endometrial functionality. The counting and typing of the different immune cells present in the endometrial tissue is carried out using flow cytometry, which will allow characterizing the state of the immune balance.